Sleep apnea is a serious medical problem that results when the soft palate or the tongue (or both) obstructs the airway. Besides causing snoring, sleep apnea causes patients to wake up during the night even if they aren't aware of it. The end result is they don't get a full night's sleep and can experience fatigue and decreased alertness during the day. Several types of devices can help with sleep apnea.
CPAP Devices
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices are among the most effective ways of treating sleep apnea. They push a steady flow of air through the breathing passageway, which helps keep the palate from falling back into the airway. These devices pump air into the respiratory system but do not "breathe" for you, as the amount of air released is fairly minimal. Though there are many types of CPAP devices, common forms include masks that cover the entire face or just the nose and small "nasal pillows." The American Sleep Apnea Association website has a link to a product comparison guide for CPAP masks published by ADVANCE for Managers of Respiratory Care.
Oral Devices
Although CPAP is a highly effective treatment, many patients find the devices uncomfortable. The masks can cause nasal irritation and make it difficult for patients to fall asleep. Thus some people with mild or moderate sleep apnea prefer to use oral devices. Designed by surgeons, these work by pushing the lower jaw and the tongue forward, keeping the soft palate and tongue elevated so that they do not block the airway. They are not as effective as CPAP devices, but can be a good first-line treatment if patients follow up with their oral surgeon to make sure the device fits correctly and is being used properly.
Pillows
Perhaps the simplest way of treating sleep apnea is to make sure you don't sleep on your back. In this position, the palate can be be pulled down by gravity and the tongue can fall back. According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, special pillows can keep you from turning over onto your back while you are sleeping.
