Hyperlipidemia is the medical term for too much fat, cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Some cholesterol and lipids (fats) are needed by the body to build new cells. Too much of these substances, however, puts individuals at risk for additional health conditions such as a stroke or heart attack. There are several ways to lower the amount of fat and cholesterol in the bloodstream, including eating a healthy diet and getting proper exercise. In addition to lifestyle changes, certain prescription medications can help lower cholesterol levels.
Diet
Making changes in the diet is the best start for treating hyperlipidemia. When trying to lower cholesterol levels in the blood, eliminate trans fats and decrease the consumption of alcohol and dietary cholesterol. Eat whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, and switch to healthier options for fats. The Mayo Clinic also recommends adding heart-healthy fish, such as tuna and herring, to the diet.
Exercise
A regular exercise program decreases the levels of "bad" cholesterol (LDL) in the blood. A simple walk around the block is a good place to start a new routine. After receiving the go-ahead from a physician, a simple exercise program such as jogging, swimming or even playing golf can help put the brakes on heart disease. A minimum of 30 minutes a day of exercise is necessary. Joining a gym or having an exercise partner can help keep you motivated.
Lifestyle Changes
Besides diet and exercise, losing weight and stopping smoking are the most important things an individual can do to lower the risk of heart disease due to hyperlipidemia. According to the Mayo Clinic, just 24 hours after the last cigarette smoked, the chance of having a heart attack decreases. Losing extra weight helps decrease the bad cholesterol in the bloodstream.
Medication
Medications used to lower cholesterol levels are helpful, especially when combined with a heart-healthy diet and an exercise program. Several different types of medications are available with a doctor's prescription. The most popularly prescribed medication classifications include cholesterol absorption inhibitors, statins, bile-acid-binding resins, and a combination of the absorption inhibitor and statin medications. Each medicine has the ability to decrease cholesterol levels, and the physician will help determine which medication is the best fit for each individual while considering factors such as age and health status.
