Rogaine, also known under the generic name minoxidil, is a drug that decreases hair loss and stimulates new hair growth for some people. Rogaine is applied externally to the scalp, usually in either solution or foam form. How Rogaine works is not entirely understood, says the Mayo Clinic. Rogaine may be more effective for certain people and may cause side effects for some.
Hair Growth
Rogaine, when used regularly for several months in a row, can stimulate new hair growth. According to Medline Plus, Rogaine seems to be more effective at growing hair in men and women younger than 40. It is also more effective for those who have recently begun to lose their hair. The Mayo Clinic reports that although hair growth may occur for some people, new hair will often be lost again once they stop using Rogaine. This can occur within a few months of stopping treatments.
Slowing Pattern Baldness
The Mayo Clinic reports that Rogaine can slow the process of certain types of balding. The International Society of Hair Restoration reports that Rogaine can significantly reduce the effects of male pattern baldness, as well as some types of hair loss in women. Medline Plus, however, reports that Rogaine does not have any effect on a receding hairline. It is also not a "cure" for baldness. Like hair growth stimulation, the effects of Rogaine on slowing baldness last only as long as Rogaine is used.
Sensitivity to the Sun
Even though Rogaine is applied to the scalp, its use may increase a person's sensitivity to sunlight. This is true not only for the scalp, but for the rest of the skin as well. Medline Plus reports that people using Rogaine should take extra precautions when out in the sun. These include using sunblock, wearing long sleeves and pants when able, wearing a hat and using sunglasses. While using Rogaine, sun exposure should be limited whenever possible.
Scalp Irritation
For some people, the effects of Rogaine can cause reactions on the scalp. Medline Plus reports that these reactions include dry scalp, scalp itchiness, scaling or flaking skin and general scalp irritation. Though this may sound like cause for concern, it is not dangerous. It can be uncomfortable, however. The Mayo Clinic reports that such reactions are not common in people who use Rogaine.
Serious Effects of Rogaine
For some people, Rogaine use can lead to serious side effects. These include chest pains, dizziness or fainting, breathing problems, blurry vision, and swelling or sensation changes in the extremities and/or face. These side effects are rare, the Mayo Clinic says, but they require prompt medical attention. It may be possible to avoid such side effects by sticking to the recommended dosage. Too much Rogaine may increase the risk of its potential side effects.
