Acne is a common problem that nearly 90 percent of people will suffer from at one point in their lives. Some people will get bad cases that last for years, while others will only experience a pimple or two. Regardless of what type you may suffer from, it's important to recognize two of the most common types of acne--blackheads and whiteheads--so they can be treated properly.
Formation
Pimples start in the sebaceous glands, or oil glands. These glands secrete oil called sebum, and store it in the hair follicle. When full, the sebum is leaked onto the skin to keep it moisturized. However, when the oil gets trapped inside the follicle instead of spilling out, bacteria and dead skin cells cause the pore to get infected and swell, resulting in a pimple. In the case of blackheads and whiteheads, the pore doesn't get infected, but simply becomes clogged and forms a comedone--a swollen bump on the skin.
Cause of Blackheads
Blackheads develop when the opening of a pore becomes too wide. Everything trapped inside the pore is exposed to the air, and the chemical reaction of oxygen mixing with the oils and dead skin cells leads to the oxidation of the melanin, or skin pigment, which produces the dark color.
Cause of Whiteheads
Whiteheads develop when the pore does not open. As in the case of blackheads, the pore gets clogged with dirt, oil and dead skin cells, but because the closed pore doesn't allow for a reaction with oxygen, all the clogged waste stays white.
Prevention
Exfoliating (scrubbing off a layer of dead skin with a washcloth or cleanser) two to three times per week will help shed dead skin cells and dirt that can clog pores. However, be cautious not to exfoliate more than recommended; it can actually cause the skin to produce excess oil. Moisturizing daily with an oil-free face lotion will also help keep the skin supple and reduce the chances for dead skin cell buildup. Drinking enough water is also important because it helps keep the skin moisturized.
Remedies
Blackhead strips are applied to the skin and removed several minutes later. The glue on the strip is designed to pull blackheads out. Steaming the face can release dirt and debris deep in the pores and can be done daily. Fill the sink with hot water and hold your face over it for about five minutes. The steam will help loosen the blackheads. Gently put pressure on either side of the blackhead until it pops out. Never force it, though, or you may leave scars. Many over-the-counter remedies, such as benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid washes and creams can help get rid of whiteheads.
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