Symptoms of wheat allergies are similar to those of other food allergies. Diagnosing wheat as the culprit can be difficult since it is an ingredient in so many foods. If wheat is suspected as a possible allergen, an "elimination challenge test" may be done. In an elimination test, foods that contain wheat, wheat proteins and gluten are removed from the diet for two to three weeks. Any changes in symptoms are documented. At the end of three weeks, wheat is slowly reintroduced into the diet. If allergy symptoms reappear and remain constant, wheat is more than likely the guilty allergen.
Upper Respiratory Symptoms
Runny nose, itchy and watery eyes, sneezing, coughing and, in severe cases, asthma can all be attributed to wheat allergies. These symptoms can result from breathing the dust produced during the harvesting process, as well as from ingesting wheat flour. Symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing and watery eyes can also indicate hay fever or similar allergies. Wheezing and difficulty breathing may become severe and should be reported to your physician immediately.
Digestive Problems
Inability to digest gluten (a protein in wheat and other grains) can cause symptoms that involve the digestive tract. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation and severe abdominal cramps are all associated with wheat and gluten allergies. Bloating can also be a problem. These digestive symptoms can be indicative of celiac disease (a digestive disease that damages the small intestine) as well. Thorough testing is needed to ensure a proper diagnosis. Both celiac disease and wheat allergies can cause severe diarrhea, which may result in dehydration. Severe cramping and recurring watery stools should be reported to your physician.
Symptoms Involving the Skin
Hives, eczema, itching and red patches on the skin are common with food allergies, including reactions to wheat and gluten allergens. Facial swelling, redness around the mouth, swelling of the lips and tongue and difficulty breathing may be signs of anaphylactic shock (a very severe allergic reaction) and should be attended to immediately. Anaphylactic shock can be deadly if left untreated.
