There are two types of deep depressions that can sometimes be found on a child's chest, according to Children's Hospital Boston (see References). They are called pectus carinatum (pigeon breast) and pectus excavatum (funnel chest). These chest wall deformities are quite common and might require surgery for correction.
Definition
According to Medline Plus (see References), pectus excavatum is a malfunction of rib cage formation, making the chest appear sunken. In pectus carinatum, the chest protrudes out, giving it a bird-like appearance.
Cause
The cause for both pectus excavatum and carinatum is unclear, according to Children's Hospital Boston. They might be inherited malformations, if the child's mother or father also has the condition. Additionally, specific syndromes such as Marfan's syndrome (disorder of connective tissue in the body) also can cause these chest wall deformities.
Symptoms
Symptoms of pectus excavatum include trouble breathing, chest pain and frequent respiratory infections, according to Children's Hospital Boston. Symptoms of pectus carinatum include chest tenderness, pain and difficulty exercising.
Treatment
Children with severe cases of pectus excavatum and carinatum might require surgery to correct the chest deformity. A special brace might be used if the deformity is mild, according to Medline Plus.
Statistics
According to Children's Hospital Boston, one out of every 300 children in the United States suffers from pectus excavatum, and 75 percent of children with pectus carinatum are boys.
