Autism is a developmental disorder in which symptoms are present by age 3, though the first signs can start as early as 16 months. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) states that autism is found in 3.4 out of 1,000 children, between the ages of 3 and 10. Autism spectrum disorder, which encompasses all forms of autism, range from mild (Asperger syndrome) to severe (autistic disorder). Symptoms of autism are noticeable to parents, affecting the child's language ability, social skills and behavior.
Language Symptoms
The Mayo Clinic states that autism affects the child's language skills. The child might start talking at a later stage than non-autistic children, or lose previous language abilities. The child may also talk in a sing-song or robot-like tone. When speaking, the child might repeat words or phrases without understanding what she is saying. She may also avoid eye contact when talking. The NIMH adds that an autistic child can be mute, or prone to using alternative communication methods, such as drawing pictures or sign language.
Social Symptoms
Social skills are also altered with autism. The autistic child will typically not be adept at interacting with other children. The Mayo Clinic notes that an autistic child will appear to have hearing problems, not responding to his name or participating in conversation. The child can also appear to be unaware of other people's feelings, displaying an indifferent attitude. An autistic child will seem to retreat into his own world and reject physical affection, such as cuddling. Emotions can also be hard to regulate, resulting in inappropriate emotional responses.
Behavioral Symptoms
Abnormal behavior is another symptom of autism. The Mayo Clinic states that repetitive movements and rituals are sometimes prevalent behaviors; changes in routines or surroundings might upset the autistic child. The child might also be constantly moving, and unusually sensitive to light. Fascination with a particular toy along with repetitive behaviors such as lining up toys and objects, can be a symptom. In addition, the child may not smile.
