1. Assess Hormone Levels
One of the first and easiest tests your doctor will do when determining problems with fertility is blood work. Both men and women will have their hormone levels checked to determine if they are abnormal. The reproductive system works with a delicate balance of several hormones. Too much or too little can cause a problem and lead to infertility.
2. Check the Sperm Count
An easy test to check male fertility is a semen analysis. The test not only checks sperm count but also looks at their motility and helps determine if the sperm are shaped normally. Your doctor will also check the pH level of the semen. The semen sample is usually collected at your doctor's office or clinic. If you live close by, your physician may allow you to collect the sample at home and bring it in. Depending on the results, you may be asked to repeat the test to confirm them. Medication and illness can affect your sperm counts.
3. X-Ray the Fallopian Tubes
Hysterosalpingogram is the long name for an X-ray of the fallopian tubes and uterus. A doctor inserts a tube through the vagina into the uterus, then injects a dye that flows to the fallopian tubes. Then the doctor can view blockages and determine other problems related to the tubes. The test also shows problems with the uterus that may affect implantation. The procedure may cause some cramping and discomfort.
4. After the Lovin', Take a Sample
Although a postcoital test is not always ordered, some doctors feel it can be helpful in determining the cause of infertility. A woman's cervical mucus is tested after the couple has sexual intercourse. This helps determine whether the sperm are alive and mobile. The cervical mucus sample usually must be taken within 5 hours of having intercourse.
5. A Surgical Procedure to Look Inside
Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure that uses a laparoscope to get an inside look at the uterus and other female reproductive organs. It may be used if an ultrasound is inconclusive or if further testing is needed. Small incisions are made in the stomach through which the doctor inserts a scope. The procedure is done under anesthesia, and recovery is usually quick. Laparoscopy can help diagnose several conditions that can cause infertility.
