Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic disease that affects over 1.3 million Americans, can cause pain, fatigue and disability. According to the Arthritis Foundation, RA affects different people differently, and may even be the result of several different disease processes that share similar symptoms. Even though the cause of RA is unknown, research continues to provide new treatment options that can decrease the impact of RA on the daily lives of arthritis sufferers.
Depression
Depression is not a symptom of RA, but the stress of living with chronic illness can be emotionally draining. The diagnosis of RA causes a grief reaction, and patients need to mourn the loss of "perfect" health as they adjust to the "new normal." Pain, fatigue and decreased mobility contribute to increased stress in daily living. Arthritis Today, a publication of the Arthritis Foundation, recommends developing a plan to cope with stress and emphasizes the importance of maintaining a positive attitude. It is important to discuss feelings of sadness, worthlessness or grief with a physician. Depression is treatable but can be dangerous if left untreated.
Loss of Income
Rheumatoid arthritis tends to affect the small joints of the fingers, hands and wrists early on in the disease process. These joints may become increasingly painful and may eventually lose range of motion. Almost all people use their hands as they pursue their life work; so as the arthritis progresses, it may affect the ability to work. If the family breadwinner suffers from RA, diminished income may be a consequence, especially if it becomes necessary to go on disability.
Strained Relationships
Families today are already stretched to the limit; and when a chronic illness is added to the mix, relationships are tested. Children of a parent with RA usually need to spend extra time helping around the house. The parent with RA may be unable to participate in activities the children enjoy. Spouses whose partner suffers from RA may feel overwhelmed by the additional responsibilities. It is important to be open and honest about the limitations RA is placing on affected family members so blame, guilt and unrealistic expectations do not unduly strain family relationships.
Anxiety
Nobody can say how severely RA will affect each patient. Some people may have slow progression with few complications, and some may have rapid progression with severe complications. The uncertainty of not knowing whether RA will be mild or severe can create a great deal of anxiety. It is human nature to imagine the worst-case scenario. The best way to deal with anxiety is to take one day at a time and let tomorrow worry about itself. Worry about what "might" happen is useless and counterproductive.
Fatigue
Fatigue is a part of almost any type of chronic illness, but it is a major symptom of RA. This is especially true because of stiffness in the morning and after sitting for a prolonged period. Despite the fatigue, it is extremely important to keep moving. Exercise is very helpful for RA, improving mood, flexibility and function. Patients should consult with their doctor about the best type of exercise program for them. The program doesn't have to be rigorous or elaborate; something as simple as water aerobics may be a good way to improve a patient's energy level.
