Meningitis is an infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). There are several bacteria that can cause meningitis, including Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), streptococcus pneumoniae and neisseria meningitidis, according to eMedTV.com. Vaccines to prevent meningitis come in two forms: Hib and meningococcal, the latter offering protection against multiple forms of bacteria responsible for meningitis. The side effects of either vaccine are thought to outweigh the risk of contracting the illness itself, states the CDC.
Mild Problems
The CDC reports that about half of all people receiving the meningococcal meningitis vaccine have mild side effects like redness or pain at the site of injection. The discomfort should only last a few days. It is also possible to develop a fever after receiving the vaccine. The Hib vaccine may cause a fever of 101 degrees F in children, but unless it is persistent, the CDC considers it a mild side effect.
Serious Problems
A serious allergic reaction, although rare, can occur within minutes or hours of the shot, and can be life-threatening if it leads to trouble breathing, hives, hoarseness, paleness, weakness, rapid heart rate or dizziness, according to the CDC. If you experience a high fever, moderate weakness or changes in behavior, seek medical attention.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) has been reported in a small number of people receiving some types of meningitis vaccines, but the CDC suggests that it is currently (2009) not possible to attribute this solely to the vaccine, and other factors may be involved. GBS is a serious nervous system disorder.
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