The Aztecs used chia seeds as food and as an energy-providing supplement. Today, production throughout the Americas is increasing as chia grows in popularity. Chia became known in modern times first for its role in the Chia Pet products. Now, chia is taking its place in natural health circles as a high-nutrition "superfood" with high concentrations of antioxidants, protein, fiber and omega-3 fatty acids.
History
Aztec and Mayan groups included chia seed in their diet, and it was cultivated from at least 1500 B.C. to A.D. 1600. Spanish authorities banned it after the conquest because the Aztecs used it as part of a religious ritual. The name comes from the Aztec word "chian" which means "oily." With the increase in popularity, planting and harvesting of chia is again on the rise, particularly in Mexico and Argentina.
Source
Salvia hispanica is a plant that grows in desert areas, particularly southern Mexico. Salvia columbariae grows primarily in the southwestern United States. Both types, commonly known as chia, grow best in sandy soil at altitudes below 4,000 ft. Chia is available in seed or ground form in many health stores and online.
Nutrition
The omega-3 fatty acid content of chia seeds is even greater than that of flax seeds, making it a particularly good option for vegetarians and vegans who cannot get omega-3 from fish. The high antioxidant levels keep the seeds from going rancid, in addition to providing nutritional value. Chia is high in fiber, protein and minerals including iron, magnesium, zinc and copper.
Uses
Sprinkle chia on foods such as yogurt or salad, or add it to smoothies. It helps thicken smoothies in addition to providing nutrition. Some people even mix chia with flour for baking. A drink known in Central America as "chia fresca" includes chia, water, lemon or lime juice and sugar. Some animal care practitioners even recommend using chia for pets and horses. Add chia to horse feed or pet food to provide fatty acids, fiber and other nutritional substances.
Health Benefits
The Aztecs used chia to stimulate the flow of saliva for digestion, relieve knee pain and help with skin problems. The omega-3 fatty acid in chia is alpha-linolenic acid, an essential fatty acid. According to Dr. Wayne Coates, omega-3s can provide relief from the symptoms of conditions as diverse as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, hypertension and joint pain. Chia becomes gelatinous when wet, so it releases carbohydrates slowly, helping to regulate blood sugar. Dr. Randy Aronson, the "Radio Pet Vet," has a practice combining conventional and holistic methods. He incorporates chia into a program for pets with blood sugar problems. In his book "The Magic of Chia," James Scheer reports on a variety of instances in which chia provided people with additional energy and stamina.
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