Striae distensae, also called stretch marks, are a common dermatological complaint. They are a type of scarring that occurs when one of the layers of the skin tears. These marks normally appear as lines or streaks in the skin that can be purple, pink or red, often fading to pink or white. Stretch marks usually appear on the abdomen, breasts, hips and thighs. Women normally get stretch marks in the third trimester of pregnancy. Fortunately, medications and techniques can be used to treat stretch marks.
Tretinoin Cream
Tretinoin cream is a prescription ointment that can significantly improve the appearance of early stretch marks, such as after pregnancy. It works best on stretch marks that are enlarging or new. Side effects of this medication include redness, dryness, tenderness and swelling of the skin, all of which lessen over time. Another major side effect of this ointment is extreme sensitivity to the sun, so it is advisable to use sunscreen one hour before sun exposure.
Fractional Photothermolysis
Fractional photothermolysis involves directing a laser to the affected skin, particularly non-facial skin. The wavelengths created by the laser stimulate the new growth of collagen and elastin. This is a safe method for treating stretch marks regardless of skin color. Four to five treatments are usually required and are spaced out three to six weeks apart.
Pulse Dye Laser Therapy
The pulse dye laser can improve stretch marks by increasing elastin and collagen production as well as targeting the blood vessels that supply blood to the skin affected by stretch marks. The laser thickens the affected areas and improves the appearance of the skin. Pulse dye laser therapy is best used on new stretch marks that are itchy and red. Multiple sessions are required to achieve maximum results.
Excimer Laser
The excimer laser works by removing very thin layers of the skin surrounding stretch marks. It does not cut or burn the skin like other lasers. It utilizes ultraviolet laser light to break apart the molecular bonds in the skin tissue, causing the affected tissues to dissolve in a process called ablation. Once the laser therapy is finished, the treated skin areas heal quickly and new formation of skin layers occurs. Stretch marks soon disappear and new, healthy skin results.
Microdermabrasion
Microdermabrasion is very effective on old stretch marks. It involves using a pen-like device, which blows crystals onto the surface of the affected skin. The crystals polish and erode the surface of the skin. The crystals and top layer of the skin, along with the stretch marks, are then removed by a vacuum device. The outcome is new and more elastic skin. This method usually lasts 30 minutes, and 12 sessions spread out every two to three weeks are required for maximum results.
References
- Mayo Clinic: Stretch Mark Treatments
- "Clinical Dermatology;" Thomas P. Habif, M.D.; 2003
- "The Cellulite Solution: A Doctor's Program for Losing Lumps, Bumps, Dimples, and Stretch Marks;" Howard Murad; 2005
