The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) estimates that nearly 200 people die from allergic reactions to food each year in the United States. A fish allergy is an allergic reaction to scaly or bony fish or byproducts of these fish (i.e. fish stock or some fish sauces). Allergies can be life threatening and should be taken seriously. If you believe you have a fish allergy, you should always consult a physician or an allergist to be tested. However, there are some common symptoms that may be indicative of fish allergies.
Oral Symptoms
One of the common symptoms of fish allergies is tingling or burning around the lips or inside the mouth. Swelling of the lips, tongue, face or throat may also occur. These are considered milder symptoms and can usually be treated with a prescription from your doctor or an allergist.
Cardiovascular Symptoms
If your tongue or throat begins to swell, you may experience shortness of breath or an accelerated heart rate because your air passages are obstructed. Try to remain calm and breathe slowly and deeply while you or someone near you calls 9-1-1. This is an indication of a more severe reaction and it may be necessary to have your doctor prescribe an epinephrine injection (i.e. EpiPen) that you can carry with you at all times.
Anaphylaxis
According to the AAFA, nearly 29,000 Americans suffer from anaphylaxis each year from a food-related allergy. Anaphylaxis occurs when your organs go into shock after coming into contact with fish if you have a fish allergy. If you are experiencing anaphylaxis, you may feel lightheaded, have some shortness of breath or noticeable swelling, or feel dizzy. If you have an EpiPen, inject yourself or seek help to be injected immediately. Call or have someone call 9-1-1 for you. Timely treatment will alleviate symptoms or help to reduce the impact of the reaction.
Symptoms of the Skin
Shortly after coming into contact with fish, you may experience hives and itching of the skin. Hives are raised, red welts that quickly appear on the skin. They can be very irritating and itchy. You can take an over-the-counter antihistamine such as Benadryl or apply cool compresses to help to relieve itching. As the reaction dissipates, the hives will, too.
Digestive Symptoms
If you inadvertently ingest fish or if you aren't aware that you have a fish allergy and you have eaten some, you may experience abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting. Over-the-counter medications, with time, will alleviate these symptoms as well.
Prevention
Although you can never be 100 percent sure, inquiring about whether fish or fish byproducts are included in certain recipes can help to prevent allergic reactions. You should also keep a supply of allergy medications with you at all times, especially in the case of an emergency.
