Meningitis is the inflammation of the membranous covering around your brain, or meninges, caused by a bacterial, viral or fungal infection. Meningitis is a contagious infection that is commonly spread by coughing, sneezing, touching, kissing, sharing utensils, a toothbrush or a cigarette, according to the Mayo Clinic. In addition living with someone with meningitis can increase your risk. Fortunately, there are some forms of vaccines that are available to prevent bacterial meningitis; however, none exist to prevent viral or fungal meningitis. Early treatment will significantly reduce the symptoms and complications associated with this disease.
Headache
According to Medline Plus, a severe headache is a common characteristic of meningitis. This headache occurs because the inflammation of your meninges can activate sensory nerves in your skull that can cause significant pain. Your headache may also be associated with nausea and vomiting, according to the Mayo Clinic. Although headaches are common, they should not be taken lightly. Seek immediate medical treatment if your headache is severe or has not resolved.
Fever
A sudden and high fever (body temperature greater than 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit) is a common characteristic of meningitis, according to the Mayo Clinic. A high fever is triggered by your body's immune system in an attempt to fight this infection. Therefore, do not immediately attempt to treat this fever with over-the-counter medications such as Tylenol. Instead, seek immediate medical treatment from your doctor. In addition, you must drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration caused by an elevation in your body temperature.
Neck Stiffness
Neck stiffness is a "hallmark" sign that doctors commonly look for in meningeal infection, according to the Medline Plus. It may be difficult and painful for you to touch your chin to your chest. Turning your head may also be difficult and painful. Seek immediate medical treatment if you are experiencing neck stiffness or painful neck movements.
Other Characteristics
The Mayo Clinic states that nausea, vomiting, confusion, seizures, sleepiness, sensitivity to light, lack of interest in activities and skin rash are common characteristics of meningitis. Contact your doctor immediately if you are experiencing these symptoms. Prompt medical treatment is important in fully recovering from this infection.
