There are several types of anti-anxiety drugs, each with their own side effects. People interested in using anti-anxiety medication should consult their doctor about these side effects to decide which type may be best for their situation.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed for anxiety. These medications are designed to relax a person suffering from anxiety by reducing the physical symptoms of anxiety. Side effects of benzodiazepines include drowsiness, slow reflexes, clumsiness, lack of energy, confusion, slurred speech, dizziness, lightheadedness, impaired thinking, nausea, vision changes, forgetfulness and depression, according to HelpGuide.org.
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
SSRIs usually have milder side effects than antidepressant medications, the Anxiety Disorders Association of America says. The most common side effects of SSRIs include weight gain, sleep problems, nervousness, headaches, dizziness, nausea, stomach upset and sexual problems, according to HelpGuide.org.
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
This type of medication is similar to SSRIs and is also used to treat anxiety. Side effects of serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are mild but may include headaches, insomnia, upset stomach, sexual problems and a slight rise in blood pressure.
Buspirone
This medication is used specifically for treating generalized anxiety disorder. It can take up to two weeks to work and is much slower acting than other options, but is not habit forming and therefore is a good choice for people with substance abuse issues, according to HelpGuide.org. Common side effects of buspirone include dry mouth, dizziness, drowsiness, upset stomach, nausea, constipation, diarrhea and headaches.
Antidepressants
Antidepressants are also sometimes prescribed to treat anxiety but typically only if benzodiazepines or SSRI or SNRI medications cannot be used, according to the Anxiety Disorders Association of America. Many antidepressants can cause undesirable side effects, including constipation, urinary retention, blurry vision, dry mouth and a drop in blood pressure when standing.
