A multitude of medications exists for people dealing with pain. Over-the-counter formulas are easily accessible and may be helpful for mild pain conditions. Prescription drugs, such as narcotics, are used for severe pain, but can pose risks for long-term use. Combination medications blend various drugs in one treatment. Choosing the right medication for you depends upon your level of pain and health condition. Your doctor can help you decide among the choices.
NSAIDs
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are helpful for relieving pain accompanied by inflammation. They are the most-prescribed medications for conditions like arthritis, according to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS). Over-the-counter NSAIDs include aspirin and ibuprofen, which are often used to relieve pain and reduce fever. These drugs are safe when taken in moderation, but pose risks of stomach upset and ulcers and may interfere with kidney function in higher doses or when taken too frequently. The AAOS recommends taking them with food or milk to avoid stomach irritation.
Narcotics
Narcotics are powerful pain medications often characterized by their addictive nature. However, these medications can be safe when used as prescribed. They have been used for centuries to treat pain and promote calm. Examples of narcotics include codeine, morphine and opium, which are commonly used in hospital settings to treat severe illness and manage pain. According to Spine Universe, these drugs work on the central nervous system, decreasing the patient's perception of pain and shifting his psychological response. Among the most prevalent side effects associated with narcotics is sleepiness, making them unsafe for use while driving or performing tasks that may induce harm. Other common side effects are nausea, vomiting, constipation, respiratory depression and dilated pupils. Long-term use results in the body adapting to the medication, creating a tolerance for the drugs and withdrawal problems with reduced or discontinued use.
Combination Drugs
Combination drugs are a mixture of two drugs in one pill or tablet for pain. These drugs may be helpful for those who require two medications to provide a more complete level of pain relief. Examples of combination drugs are those combining acetaminophen and codeine or butalbital, aspirin and caffeine.
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen is a commonly used over-the-counter medication. Most medicine cabinets and first aid kits contain some form of this all-purpose pain medication. Drugs.com maintains its use for a host of purposes, including toothaches, backaches, muscle aches and fevers. You can find acetaminophen in various forms, such as chewable tablets, suppositories, gelcaps, geltabs and liquid suspension for adults and children.
