Prostate cancer affects the prostate gland. Sometimes the cancer spreads to the bones near the prostate gland, especially the pelvis, spine, thighs, ribs and occasionally the arms. This is called bone metastasis, and is considered to be advanced prostate cancer. According to the Mayo Clinic, one in six men will develop prostate cancer.
Surgery
Surgery may be performed to correct fractures due to metastases. Surgical intervention may also be required if a metastasis in the spinal column is pressing on the spinal cord. The testicles may also be removed to lower the testosterone level, which may alleviate some of the bone pain associated with metastasis and also slow metastasis.
Hormone-related Therapy
Medications that reduce testosterone levels may also be given to patients with advanced prostate cancer. These medications work by slowing the growth of the primary tumor and the spread of metastases, which can lengthen life. Also, these drugs may alleviate some of the bone pain experienced.
Radiopharmaceuticals
Radiopharmaceuticals are radioactive drugs that are given as an infusion into the vein and travel to areas of bone metastases. They work to relieve pain.
Chemotherapy Drugs
CancerCare states that a drug named docetaxel is increasing survival rates in men with advanced prostate cancer. Other chemotherapy drugs are available that help to decrease symptoms.
External Beam Radiation Therapy
External beam radiation therapy may be used to send radiation to metastatic areas of bone. This treatment can alleviate bone pain.
Experimental Treatments
Many clinical trials are currently underway for treatment of prostate cancer with bone metastasis. To find open clinical trials, go to ClinicalTrials.gov.
