Acid reflux occurs when acids from the stomach flow back into the esophagus; the lower esophageal sphincter becomes weakened and fails to block the action. The results include heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest and throat and regurgitation when the acid reflux causes a sour taste in the mouth. If these symptoms occur more than two times a week, you may have acid reflux disorder, also called gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) reports.
Esophageal Failure
Normally, the lower esophageal sphincter opens to let food from the mouth into the stomach, the University of Maryland Medical Center explains. It closes immediately to prevent acid regurgitation from the stomach, but this does not happen when the sphincter fails. It is not known why the lower esophageal sphincter does not work properly in some people who suffer from acid reflux disorder.
Triggers
The triggers of acid reflux in people who frequently suffer from it may include eating large meals, lying down or sleeping shortly after a big meal, bending over following a meal, smoking or drinking alcohol.
Certain foods also may produce the problem in some people. Such offenders may include caffeine, carbonated beverages, tomato sauces, vinegar, garlic, spicy foods or citrus fruit. Gassy foods--beans, broccoli, brussels sprouts and cabbage--also may cause acid reflux.
How to Avoid Acid Reflux
Avoiding the symptoms of acid reflux disorder may be achieved by eliminating the foods that cause the problem. Some people may have to use trial and error with their diets to discover the foods that trigger their acid reflux. The NIH also recommends eating smaller meals, eating meals at least three hours before bedtime and losing weight.
Acid Reducers
Acid reflux may be a minor inconvenience for some people. Antacids may work on the spot when it occurs, but these over-the-counter medicines are usually meant for people who suffer from occasional heartburn. Acid reducers, which neutralize stomach acid, are available to prevent acid reflux from occurring over a longer period of time.
Damage
If acid reflux symptoms continue to occur with dietary changes and medicine, doctors can prescribe stronger medication. In serious cases, surgery may be involved to strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter. Left untreated, acid reflux disorder can cause esophageal damage and may lead to esophageal cancer. It also may result in dental erosion over time.
