The complexity of fibromyalgia makes it difficult to diagnose. It is a pain disorder that affects the entire body. The symptoms of fibromyalgia are wide in scope and vary from one individual to the next. Treatment includes pain management and methods to improve sleep patterns.
Considerations
Characteristic symptoms of fibromyalgia include chronic widespread pain, difficulty sleeping, multiple tender points, fatigue and mental or psychological distress.
Significance
The National Fibromyalgia Association reports an estimated 10 million people in the United States suffer from fibromyalgia. 75 to 90 percent of those affected are women.
Diagnosis
A diagnosis is made by a history of widespread pain, and pain must be present in 11 of 18 specific tender points. In 1990, the American College of Rheumatology outlined the locations where the pain must be present.
Pain Management
The National Fibromyalgia Association reports the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved pregabalin, duloxetine and milnacipran for treatment of fibromyalgia pain.
Other Treatments
Treatment for sleep management may be assisted by light daily exercise, prescribed sleep medications and avoidance of caffeine. Physical therapy, water therapy, acupuncture and myofascial release therapy may be beneficial in relieving fibromyalgia symptoms.
