Gastrointestinal reflux disease or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), occurs when acid that is normally in your stomach to help digest food leaks into your esophagus, or food tube. The cause of this condition has been under study, but there are risk factors that increase your chances of getting GERD. At the bottom of your esophagus is a group of muscles called the lower esophageal sphincter. The role of the LES is to make sure that acid does not get into your esophagus. However, this muscle can become weak or not function properly. This may lead to gastrointestinal reflux disease and some common symptoms.
Heartburn
The International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders describes GERD's symptoms and states that the initial symptom of this condition is usually chronic heartburn. However, because heartburn or indigestion is such a general symptom, this condition often goes undiagnosed. For some, GERD remains mild and there is no damage to the tissues or risk of complications. Heartburn should become a concern if it occurs more than once per week, or if you get it at night to the degree that it disrupts your sleep.
Additional Common Symptoms
You should also be concerned if your heartburn is accompanied by other symptoms. See your doctor if swallowing becomes difficult or painful, you experience acid regurgitation into your mouth, develop hoarseness first thing in the morning or a chronic sore throat. Belching, excess production of saliva and sensations of food being stuck in your throat are other warning signs.
Other Symptoms
GERD can also cause gum inflammation, erosion of the enamel on your teeth, a sour taste in your mouth and chronic bad breath. You should also watch for symptoms similar to asthma and a dry cough. According to the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, you may also develop a burning pain in your chest or abdomen. This discomfort is usually worse after eating or during the night.
