Bell's palsy is a medical problem in which individuals suffer from one-sided facial paralysis. The Mayo Clinic says that 40,000 Americans develop Bell's palsy annually. This facial paralysis is typically sudden in onset. Also, pain may be felt in front of or behind the ear. A headache, loss of taste and an alteration in saliva and tear production are other manifestations of Bell's palsy. Fortunately, various treatment options are available to treat Bell's palsy.
Prednisone
Prednisone may be used to reduce facial nerve swelling, says the Mayo Clinic. Prednisone is a corticosteroid medication that actually stops the body from releasing the substances necessary for inflammation, states Drugs.com.
Prednisone's side effects include a headache, dizziness, trouble sleeping, increased sweating (hyperhydrosis) and stomach pain. This drug can also provoke changes in mood, skin discoloration, depression, pancreatitis, low potassium levels and high blood pressure, says Drugs.com. Pancreatitis manifestations include stomach pain that relocates to the back, vomiting and a fast heart rate. Low potassium levels (hypokalemia) results in increased urination, muscle weakness and leg pain. High blood pressure can lead to a headache, seizures and blurry vision. Prednisone is given as a liquid or tablet daily or as your doctor indicates.
Acyclovir
Anti-viral medications such as acyclovir can also be used to manage Bell's Palsy. However, it is important to note that the Mayo Clinic says that evidence exists to prove that antiviral medications may be less effective than corticosteroid medications in treating Bell's palsy.
Acyclovir's side effects include hair loss (alopecia), diarrhea, visual changes, vomiting and an upset stomach. Acyclovir also causes joint pain, trouble breathing or swallowing, headaches, hallucinations, trouble sleeping, seizures and even loss of consciousness. Acyclovir is taken as a capsule, tablet or liquid daily for as long as your doctor instructs.
Other Treatments
Physical therapy and surgery are other treatments for Bell's palsy. Physical therapy involves exercising and massaging facial muscles. Surgeons can also manipulate the regions in which the facial nerve passes, so that it won't be as compressed, according to the Mayo Clinic. Acupuncture, relaxation techniques and vitamin therapies are treatments available to Bell's palsy sufferers.
