A laser is a device that emits light of a specific wavelength. Laser therapy is the use of laser light to provide some physiological benefit in humans or animals. These devices produce laser light with a small amount of power in the infrared and near-infrared range.
History
Red light was first known to affect cellular function in 1880, but the first functioning laser wasn't built until 1960. Lasers were first used for medical applications in 1962, and the first clinical applications for lasers occurred in 1983. The FDA approved lasers for the use of pain relief in 2001.
Wavelength and Power
The lasers used in laser therapy typically produce light in the 600- to 1,000-nanometer range. Laser therapy is most often performed by class III and class IV lasers. A class III laser is known as a cold laser and only produces laser light of up to 0.5 watts of power. A class IV laser has greater tissue penetration and produces up to 6 watts of power.
Effects
Laser therapy can produce several specific physiological effects, depending on the application. It can also regenerate tissue and reduce inflammation. Laser therapy can reduce both acute and chronic pain, and eradicate viruses and bacteria.
Treatment
Laser therapy is used for a variety of physical disorders. Regeneration therapies include regrowing nerves and healing wounds. Laser therapy can be used to alleviate inflammatory problems such as arthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome and skin conditions. It can also treat back pain, headaches and pain from injuries.
Therapy
Each session typically lasts for 10 to 15 minutes, and patients frequently notice an improvement after the first two sessions. A short treatment protocol may consist of two to three sessions per week for two weeks. Longer protocols typically consist of one to two sessions per week and may last indefinitely if the treatment is for chronic pain. The treatment is usually painless, although patients frequently report a slight warming or tingling sensation.
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