Dandruff is a persistent scalp condition that typically causes itching and produces flaking on your scalp. Dry skin is the most common cause of itchy, flaky skin, according to the Mayo Clinic. A dry scalp is one cause of dandruff. However the flakes that are caused by a dry scalp are usually smaller and less oily than some of the other causes of dandruff. Both dandruff and dry scalp may be irritating and embarrassing, but they are generally harmless and controllable.
Considerations
Dandruff can develop from a buildup of oil and skin cells if you don't shampoo your hair often enough. However, over-shampooing can irritate your scalp and also lead to dandruff. Hair styling gels and sprays can cause dandruff in people with sensitivities to certain products.
Skin Conditions
Seborrheic dermatitis is common inflammatory condition that causes flaky white or yellow scales to appear on the scalp and other areas such as the back of your ears. It may also cause a reddening of the skin. Dry, flaky scalps can also be due to psoriasis which causes dead skin cells to accumulate and form thick silver colored scales. Eczema, which causes red, swollen and itchy skin, can develop on the scalp and lead to dandruff.
Treatment
It may take time and patience, but dandruff is usually treatable. In fact all that may be necessary for mild cases of flaking is to wash your hair and scalp daily with a mild shampoo. Daily cleansing will help remove the buildup of skin cells and diminish oiliness. If regular shampoos fail to do the trick, you may need medicated shampoos.
Medicated Shampoos
The National Institutes of Health says flaking that occurs as a result of a dry scalp and/or dandruff will usually respond well to over-the-counter medicated shampoos. They include Selsun Salon, Head & Shoulders and Neutrogena T/Gel. Medicated shampoos should be applied to one small section of the scalp at a time and thoroughly rubbed into the skin.
Outlook
Dandruff and dry scalp conditions can be effectively managed. Seborrheic dermatitis is a life-long condition that cycles between dormant phases and periods of outbreaks. The Mayo Clinic says a nutritious diet that includes ample amounts of B vitamins and zinc may help ward off dandruff.
