Ibuprofen, an over-the-counter medication, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that offers an alternative to steroids and aspirin. Ibuprofen reduces mild or moderate discomfort associated with minor aches and pains such as back pain, headaches, arthritic pain and inflammation. This medication also inhibits the production of prostaglandins which are chemicals that respond to injury of the body by producing the sensation of pain, swelling and inflammation and fever. While there are demonstrated benefits associated with use of this common NSAID, side effects are possible.
Digestive Effects
This drug has the potential to produce several common stomach or digestive ailments such as heartburn or indigestion, gas with bloating and belching, and nausea. Other side effects that may be experienced include diarrhea, abdominal pain or cramping, and constipation. Though these common side effects are not considered to be serious, consult a physician if they persist or worsen.
Anti-coagulating Effects
A property of an NSAID drug is that of being a blood thinner; therefore, the use of this medication by a patient with a clotting disorder or other blood-related disorders should be determined in consultation with a physician. Different types of atypical bleeding may occur such as nosebleeds or gums that bleed when being brushed. Also, an insult or injury in the gastrointestinal system may increase stomach ulceration or even bleeding; specifically, this is due to the fact that NSAIDs such as ibuprofen decrease the blood's clotting ability. If tarry or black bowel movements occur, a physician should be contacted immediately as this could signal bleeding.
Circulatory Effects
Due to the blood-thinning property of NSAIDs, they can be used to prevent blood clots. Ironically, ibuprofen use has also been associated with blood clots, which can lead to major health problems such as edema (swelling), congestive heart failure, hypertension, and heart attack. Additionally, this medication may produce serious effects on blood flow to several organs in the body, for example, the kidneys which are essential in filtering and excreting toxins from the body through urine production. When renal function becomes impaired, the amount of urine output decreases and the process of regulating the body's fluid balance (and electrolytes) malfunctions. Consequently, edema of the extremities and elsewhere in the body may lead to further medical problems. If symptoms of decreased or dark urine output as well as peripheral edema present, immediate medical care is needed.
Neurological Effects
This NSAID medication has the potential to produce several neurologically related side effects that may consist of headaches as well as feeling lightheaded or dizzy. Drowsiness and decreased alertness has also been reported. Some people experience the sensation of ringing in the ears. Notify your physician if any of these symptoms persist.
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