The term cardiomegaly means that your heart muscle is enlarged. It is a symptom of another underlying condition. Pregnancy and chronic medical conditions can stress the heart muscle, making it work harder than normal, which causes it to enlarge. Your doctor can use an x-ray and other tests to help diagnose this condition. If you recognize the warning signs of an enlarged heart, you need to see your doctor to determine the cause and establish a treatment plan.
Common Symptoms
According to the Mayo Clinic, an enlarged heart does not always cause symptoms or require treatment. Athletes can sometimes have an enlarged heart in response to their training. However, if you do notice symptoms, you need to find out the cause. Talk to your doctor if you experience trouble breathing or catching your breath (either at rest or when active), fatigue, dizziness and a chronic cough.
Additional Symptoms
Cardiomegaly can also cause edema or swelling in various areas of the body including the legs and ankles. In addition, you may be aware of an irregular heart rhythm or pulse. During your examination, your doctor may be able to hear an abnormal heart sound called a murmur if the heart valves are unable to close properly. The American Society of Transplantation states that in some cases you may have an upset stomach and a loss of appetite. You need immediate medical attention if you notice severe symptoms that could signal a heart attack. This includes chest pain or pressure, pain or difficulty when breathing, or fainting spells.
Severe Symptoms
Depending on what section of the heart is enlarged, you can develop serious complications if the condition is left untreated. If the left ventricle or bottom chamber of the heart is affected, you are at a higher risk of heart failure. Cardiomegaly also increases your risk of blood clots that can cause a heart attack, stroke or blockages in the lungs. In severe cases, the heart can develop an abnormal rhythm that interferes with its ability to pump correctly. This can cause sudden cardiac arrest and be fatal.
