Bupropion is a prescription drug sold under various trade names. Its formulations include oral tablets, sustained-release tablets and extended-release tablets. Typical dosage is 300 mg a day, while some patients take 450 mg a day. Buproprion is indicated as an aid in smoking cessation and is also indicated to treat depression and seasonal affective disorder. It is occasionally prescribed off-label for weight loss, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and treatment of nerve-related pain. As with all medications, side effects can occur and this medication is prescribed only after a determination that the benefits outweigh the risks for the patient.
Agitation
For some patients, bupropion stimulates the nervous system. This effect is often dose-dependent, and many patients may find these that the symptoms abate if the physician reduces the dosage. Common side effects include agitation, anxiety, tremors, difficulty sleeping, ringing in the ears and headache. The headaches may be migraines or another type. Less commonly, patients experience hallucinations, dizziness, lack of muscle coordination, manic excitement, changes in sexual interest and seizures.
Loss of Appetite
Bupropion has the side effect of loss of appetite. Some patients lose weight while taking this medication. Common related side effects include abdominal pain, nausea, dry mouth and constipation. Nausea and vomiting can also occur when taking bupropion.
Sore Throat
GlaxoSmithKline reports that sore throat is a common side effect of its brand name bupropion product, Wellbutrin, when taken at high doses. Similarly, other flu symptoms, fever, sweating, infection, muscle aches, sinusitis and cough have been noted in patients taking this drug.
Increased Heart Rate
Increased heart rate is a common side effect, and other related side effects include chest pain, shortness of breath and swelling of the ankles and feet. Heart rhythm abnormalities may occur, which are usually only found during an electrocardiograph reading.
Suicide
Patients taking bupropion, and all other antidepressants, must be aware of the increased potential for suicidal thoughts and actions while taking the drug. The risk of this side effect is increased for people under the age of 25. Patients should be monitored throughout the course of their therapy, particularly during the first months of administration and times of dosage increase or decrease. Family members must report emotional changes in the patient to the physician, such as irritability, agitation, changes in behavior and speaking of suicide.
Allergic Reaction
Drugs.com reports that an allergic reaction can occur while taking this medicine. Symptoms may include difficulty breathing, rash, hives, itching and swelling of the face, mouth, tongue or throat.
References
- 2010 Lippincott's Nursing Drug Guide: Bupropion
- GlaxoSmithKline: Wellbutrin SR Complete Prescribing Information
- Drugs.com: Bupropion



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