Bipolar disorder causes extreme mood swings that can cause the sufferer to be hyperactive for a time and then switch to a period of deep depression. People with bipolar I disorder may exhibit manic episodes that last for seven or more days that can be severe enough to require hospitalization, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Depressive episodes can last for weeks. Bipolar II disorder is less severe. The person has depressive and low-level manic episodes (called hypomania) that can cause problems but do not progress into psychotic behavior.
Depression
The depressive phase exhibited in people with bipolar II disorder is usually longer than the manic phase. There may be changes in the person's mood, but people with bipolar II disorder are able to carry on with daily activities, according to the Mayo Clinic. The depressive symptoms include sadness and hopelessness, anxiety, guilt, loss of interest in once-enjoyable activities, irritability and antisocial behavior. The depressive side of bipolar II disorder can still bring some impairment to work, family life and in social surroundings.
Manic Behavior
In the more hyperactive mood of bipolar II disorder, the person may have an inflated self-esteem, become more talkative than usual, have racing thoughts and become involved in activities that seem exciting but can be harmful. This may involve unwise financial choices, an increased drive to achieve unrealistic goals and increased sex drive that may include unsafe practices. Bipolar II disorder patients find this manic phase to be more pleasurable. They tend to show an enjoyment in it, unlike the depressive side, even though it may be dangerous at times. It could bring about poor judgment, aggressive behavior, risky behavior, careless or dangerous use of drugs or alcohol and frequent absences from work or school.
Dual Diagnosis
Many bipolar II disorder patients have other psychiatric conditions as well. There may be obsessive-compulsive behavior or personality disorder. Bipolar II disorder patients tend to have more chance of a dual diagnosis than other bipolar patients, according to Revolution Health, a health information site. Dual diagnosis is when alcohol or substance abuse is also present with the mental disorder.
Children
Bipolar disorder may affect children and adolescents, but it may be difficult to determine the phase at this age. Young people with bipolar problems may exhibit explosive tempers, rapid mood shifts, reckless behavior and aggression. Shift changes from low to high moods can take place within hours. There may be periods of laughter and silliness followed by episodes of crying or anger.
