Acne is a skin condition that causes breakouts of pimples on the body, particularly on the face, back and chest. Acne can pop up at any age, but it occurs most commonly in teenagers, pregnant women, women in menopause. Additionally, women who are menstruating may also experience acne around the time of their period. Acne can be managed with a variety of prescription medications, which are prescribed by a dermatologist.
Vitamin A Medications
Some topical prescription medications, like tazarotene, tretinoin and adapalene, are derived from vitamin A, states the Mayo Clinic. These products work to clear acne by opening up clogged hair follicles. Additionally, these medications encourage the shedding of dead skin cells, which will reduce the buildup of sebum, or oil, on the skin. Vitamin A derived medications may cause more severe side effects than over-the-counter medications. These side effects may include redness, peeling and flaking of the skin.
Benzoyl Peroxide Combinations
Benzoyl peroxide is an effective active ingredient in many over-the-counter medications in strengths of under 10 percent. Stronger doses of benzoyl peroxide are also prescribed in combination with antibiotic medications, like clindamycin and erythromycin. These antibiotics are used to help clear bacteria from the skin, and when used in conjunction with benzoyl peroxide, these medications can cure moderate and severe acne. These medications may cause skin-related side effects, including stinging and burning of the skin.
Isotretinoin
For severe acne isotretinoin, also known as Accutane, may be prescribed. Isotretinoin is a strong medication that dries up oil on the skin. Because isotretinoin is such a powerful medication, it can also cause serious side effects. These side effects include nosebleeds, dry eyes, changes in vision and increased cholesterol levels. Dermatologists who prescribe isotretinoin must carefully monitor the patient to check for signs of depression and thoughts of suicide, as these side effects have also been reported. Isotretinoin can cause severe birth defects, so it is not prescribed to women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
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