Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that treats congestive heart failure and hypertension (high blood pressure). It also aids in cardiac function and speeds recovery in a patient after a heart attack. Medline Plus indicates that lisinopril decreases hormones that constrict blood vessels. When blood vessels constrict, the heart pumps harder to push the blood through narrowed channels. This in turn causes blood pressure to rise. Decreasing hormones, which constrict blood vessels, allows for an increase in dilation, thus allowing blood to flow freely and reduce blood pressure. Lisinopril is available by prescription only and is administered orally in tablet form. This medication is commonly given in combination with other blood pressure lowering medications.
Common Side Effects
As of November 2009, the Mayo Clinic reported a detailed list of common side effects of lisinopril. Physiological changes in the urinary system such as decreased urinary output, cloudy urine or decreased urine-concentrating ability may occur. You may also notice changes in balance after taking this medication. Dizziness, faintness or slight lightheadedness can occur after rapidly arising from a seated or reclined position. These changes may be accompanied by confusion, weakness or atypical fatigue. Some persons may also experience increased sweating, vomiting and diarrhea, which can cause a drop in blood pressure. Contact your medical care provider to report side effects and to seek medical advice.
Allergic Side Effects
Drugs.com indicates that patients who are allergic to other ACE inhibitors may also be allergic to lisinopril and should avoid taking this medication. Side effects of an allergic reaction include severe stomach pains, hives, difficulty breathing and swelling of the lips, face, tongue or throat. Some people may also notice mild skin itching or rash. Seek emergency medical help for side effects of an allergic reaction to lisinopril.
Uncommon and Severe Side Effects
There are several other side effects of lisinopril, although they are generally uncommon. Medline Plus indicates that swelling of the legs, feet, hands, ankles and eyes are severe, yet rare, side effects of lisinopril. Other serious but uncommon side effects of lisinopril include fever, chills, sore throat or other signs of infection. Difficulty swallowing, breathing, hoarseness, jaundice (yellowing) of the skin or eyes, chest pain and lightheadedness associated with fainting are additional uncommon, yet serious, side effects. Any serious side effect is potentially dangerous and should be immediately reported to your medical care provider.
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