Isotretinoin--more commonly known as Accutane--is a medication used to treat severe nodular acne. In some cases, isotretinoin has been linked to depression and other serious psychological effects, including suicide. Understanding the risk factors and symptoms of depression while taking isotretinoin can help prevent complications.
Acne Medications
A variety of topical and oral medications are available for treating acne. Topical treatments such as benzoyl peroxide and azelaic acid work by drying out excess oil and reducing inflammation, while oral antibiotics like tetracycline fight acne-causing bacteria from the inside.
Approved by the FDA in 1982, isotretinoin is a non-antibiotic acne medication derived from vitamin A. According to Acne.org, isotretinoin reduces or clears severe acne in 95 percent of patients but is generally viewed as a last line of treatment due to the risks of depression and other serious side effects.
Isotretinoin Side Effects
Isotretinoin can cause side effects ranging in severity from mild to life-threatening. Common side effects include joint pain, dry skin, drowsiness and dizziness. Less frequently, serious adverse reactions like depression and suicidal behaviors have been linked with isotretinoin. In addition, psychological side effects such as hallucinations, sleep disturbances and unprovoked crying spells have occurred in patients taking isotretinoin, according to Drugs.com.
Risk Factors
Not everyone taking isotretinoin experiences side effects. Certain risk factors may increase the likelihood of developing depression and other adverse effects. According to Rx List, patients are advised to alert their doctor if they have a history of depression, eating disorders or physical ailments like diabetes, asthma or osteoporosis before taking isotretinoin. Concurrent use of other medications may increase the likelihood of experiencing adverse reactions, as can a family history of mental illness.
Prevention/Solution
The only way to completely avoid the risk of developing isotretinoin-induced depression is to abstain from using it. Antibiotics and other acne medications may be as effective with a lower risk for causing serious side effects. Tell your doctor if you have a history of depression, bipolar disorder or other mental health conditions before taking isotretinoin, and start with the lowest effective dose to see how it affects you. Inform loved ones that you are taking isotretinoin so they can monitor your condition and report any side effects to your doctor immediately.
Warning
Isotretinoin is only available through the iPLEDGE program, which requires patients to use birth control to prevent pregnancy while taking the medication. According to Drugs.com, taking even one dose of isotretinoin during pregnancy can cause fatal birth defects in the brain, heart and skull of the fetus. Never attempt to purchase isotretinoin online or from sources other than your doctor.
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