Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD), also known as heartburn, occurs when stomach acid backs up into the esophagus. A burning sensation as well as tightness or pain in the chest can be symptoms. Controlling acid levels can alleviate heartburn symptoms. If you are suffering from heartburn, there are foods you should avoid to get relief and prevent further irritation. Additionally, eating smaller meals throughout the day and eating 2 hours or more before bedtime will help prevent heartburn.
Acidic Foods
The most important foods to avoid are those that contain high concentrations of acid. Citrus fruit and any derivatives should not be consumed. This includes oranges, pineapples, grapefruits, lemons or limes and any juices made from them. Tomatoes are also a highly acidic food. Refrain from eating tomatoes, raw or cooked, tomato soup or tomato sauces. Similarly, onions---regardless of variety--- should be eliminated as they can contribute to the burning and irritation. Pay attention to how these foods affect you and adjust your diet accordingly.
Fat
Avoid meats that are high in fat, particularly red meat. Meat in general takes longer to digest than fruits or vegetables. The goal is to speed up your digestion to lower the amount of stomach acid being produced. It can take 2 to 3 days for your body to digest meat, thereby slowing digestion of any foods eaten immediately afterward. Replace animal proteins with lighter plant proteins such as tofu or beans to provide your body with fuel and neutralize your digestive environment.
Beverages
While experiencing heartburn, it is important to consume water. Because water is a neutral beverage, it helps to neutralize the acid and aids in the digestion process. Whole milk has high fat content and should be avoided as fatty foods slow down the digestive process. If you must consume milk, switch to fat-free or skim milk. Alcohol and caffeine should be avoided because they contain some acid and will further irritate the esophagus and stomach lining.
Herbs and Spices
Although herbs and spices add much needed flavor to many foods, you should try to avoid them when you have heartburn. For proteins or foods that require some flavoring, try to use basic spices such as salt and just a little pepper, if any. Pepper-based spices or any spice that provides heat should not be consumed. The same rules apply to cocoa and any chocolate foods. Mint, mint oil or mint derivatives such as gum, mouthwash, breath mints and toothpaste should not be used while you have heartburn. These are commonly used products, but have been found to exacerbate symptoms far more than many foods. Visit your local health food store to find alternative, mint-free dental products.
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