Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a rare and serious allergic reaction to medications, such as anti-gout medications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonamides- or sulfa-containing drugs and penicillin, and anticonvulsants. Infections, such as herpes simplex or zoster, HIV and hepatitis can cause this syndrome. According to the staff of the Mayo Clinic, long-term complications of Stevens-Johnson syndrome are debilitating.
Infection
Meningitis and sepsis are life-threatening complications of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Cellulitis, an acute skin infection, can lead to meningitis and sepsis. Meningitis is an infection of the membranes and fluid which surround the brain and spinal cord. Sepsis is a rapid and progressive transmission of bacteria and toxins throughout the body. It can cause septic shock and organ failure.
Eye Damage
The skin rash associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome leads to irritation of the eyes. Irritation and dry eyes are associated with mild cases of the condition. Extensive tissue damage that can lead to blindness is a complication of severe cases.
Permanent Damage
Lesions caused by Stevens-Johnson syndrome can lead to inflammation of the lungs, heart, kidneys and liver. Long-term effects on the skin include scarring, abnormal bumps, and changes in pigmentation or skin coloration. Hair may fall out, and fingernails and toenails may not grow normally.
