1. Get a Biopsy Performed
Erythroplakia is one of two forms of a condition known as dysplasia, both of which cause lesions to grow and spread in the mouth area. The other form is called leukoplasia, and while the two conditions are related, you'll need a biopsy to differentiate between the two. Leukoplasia is relatively benign, with only about 5 percent of cases ever evolving into cancer. About half of erythroplakia cases turn malignant, so they must be treated with greater care and urgency. While many doctors will take a wait-and-see approach to leukoplasia cases, erythroplakia may require immediate intervention.
2. Expect to Undergo a Surgical-Excision Procedure
The most common way to treat erythroplakia is surgical removal of the lesions, which may be an invasive and complex procedure, depending on the extent of the condition. Your doctor will certainly recommend this if your case has cancerous potential. If you smoke or drink alcohol, your lesions may well have been caused by these lifestyle choices. You'll be directed to stop smoking and drinking, particularly if your erythroplakia is precancerous. Some cases of erythroplakia may respond to systemic or topical treatments with vitamin A or vitamin E. However, more research is needed into these methods, as their effectiveness varies from one case to another.
3. Commit to Follow-up Care
There's a good chance your erythroplakia will recur, particularly if you're a smoker. A complete dysplasia treatment program can take several years, as you'll be monitored for recurrences once your initial treatment regimen is complete. Since there is no way to predict whether the condition will recur, you'll need to make regular visits to your doctor and dentist.
