Oxycodone HCL is a narcotic pain medication used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. It is available in both fast release and controlled release formulations all of which carry the risk of a number of side effects, some of which may be severe.
Common Side Effects
Common side effects of oxycodone HCl include changes to the digestive system. Nausea is reported as the most common side effect and may be occasionally accompanied by vomiting. Some patients report loss of appetite and constipation as common effects of long term use. Flushing, skin warmth, sweating and itching or tingling skin may be experienced along with mental changes including drowsiness, dizziness and foggy thinking.
Some patients may experience anxiety and insomnia along with depression, particularly with long term use. With the exception of constipation and depression, most side effects will subside or decrease in severity with continued use. Side effects that persist or become more severe may warrant consultation with a physician.
Serious Side Effects
Most serious side effects of oxycodone are related the amount of medication being taken. Serious side effects may include shallow or slowed breathing. Respiratory depression may be accompanied by slowed heartbeats, which may cause cold, clammy skin, light-headedness or fainting. Extreme confusion and seizures have also been reported. Any of these serious side effects of oxycodone HCl should be given immediate medical attention, particularly breathing difficulties or loss of consciousness.
Potential for Dependence
Oxycodone, just like other opiate type medications, poses a risk of abuse and dependence which may lead to addiction. Many patients may become physically dependent upon oxycodone. After a long period of use, some patients will require careful management of a significant withdrawal period if discontinuing or switching medications. Withdrawal symptoms include flu-like symptoms, body aches, diarrhea, nausea, chills, sweating and a feeling of severe anxiety. Some situations may require medical management and the prescribing physician should be informed of any symptoms of withdrawal.
Contraindications
Though not as common as with other opiates, oxycodone may cause allergic reactions in some patients. Oxycodone should not be taken if allergic reaction to it has occurred in the past, and only with extreme caution in cases of allergy to other opiates. Symptoms of allergic reaction include rash, itching, swelling of the face or lips and most importantly, difficulty breathing.
Oxycodone is a depressant to the central nervous system (CNS) and should not be combined with care with other CNS depressants such as muscle relaxants or anti-anxiety agents. The prescribing physician should be informed of all other medications being used. Some types of digestive disorders and lung disorders such as asthma may limit the use of oxycodone. The prescribing physician should be made aware of all co-existing medical problems.
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