The spleen, which is about the size of a fist, helps the body to fight infections. It houses white blood cells and destroys damaged cells. It also maintains the body's fluid (including blood) balance. The spleen is located near the abdomen and is susceptible to injury. It can suffer from a direct hit during sports or an accident. If the spleen ruptures, you will experience certain symptoms and require medical treatment.
Abdominal Pain
According to the Mayo Clinic, the most common signs of a ruptured spleen are abdominal pain and tenderness. The pain associated with a ruptured spleen usually occurs in the left upper part of the stomach. You may also find that the pain spreads into the left shoulder. These symptoms are caused by the spleen releasing blood as a result of your injury. This excess blood can then spill into your abdominal area. During a physical exam your physician may palpate the area and find that the abdominal muscles are tight, hard or swollen.
Internal Bleeding
In some cases, if your spleen is just torn, your injury may be minor enough that it can heal on its own. If your injury is more severe, you may develop a clot of blood or hematoma, near the site of the injury. If the spleen releases a large amount of blood, complications can arise. Your blood pressure may drop too low. If this happens you may feel dizzy, lightheaded and suffer from fainting spells. You may also feel confused and disoriented and have trouble with your vision. In some cases, severe symptoms can occur right away, while in other cases they may not develop for months after your spleen ruptures.
Severe Symptoms
A ruptured spleen should always be treated as an emergency as it can become life threatening. The Merck website states that your blood pressure may drop dangerously low and cause you to become unconscious. Be on the lookout for signs of shock including pale skin, rapid pulse, restlessness and anxiety. If your injury is severe enough, you may need to have your spleen removed. You can live without your spleen; however you will be more susceptible to infections. If you suspect a ruptured spleen, your physician can condcut scans to help determine the seriousness of your condition.
