Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an infection involving the vagina. A disruption in the normal balance of the bacteria lactobacilli causes an overgrowth of some bacteria. Women with BV may experience symptoms including a fishy odor, itching, discharge and a burning sensation, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This condition is common, especially for women of childbearing years and pregnant women. The cause of the infection is not clear. Reducing risk factors causing disruption in the bacterial balance may decrease the possibility of developing the infection.
Sexual Partners
Although the vaginal infection may occur with a new or increased number of sexual partners, bacterial vaginosis is not a sexually transmitted disease. Women who are not sexually active are still at risk for developing this infection. Using a condom during sexual intercourse may reduce the risk of disrupting the bacteria in the vagina, according to The National Women's Health Information Center.
Douching
Vaginal douching involves cleaning the vagina with some type of liquid solution squeezed into the vaginal cavity. Douching products are available over the counter. Some douches may also contain a fragrance. Unless prescribed by a physician to treat a medical condition, douching is not necessary. The vagina is a naturally self-cleaning organ. Women who douche risk washing away the helpful bacteria that line the vaginal wall. This disruption in bacteria may lead to bacterial vaginosis. Once the infection begins, some women may try to douche again to treat the condition, but this simply continues the cycle of removing the needed bacteria and allowing the harmful bacteria to grow.
Intrauterine Device
An intrauterine device (IUD) is an object placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. The device leaves a string in the vagina to allow the woman to check for placement after insertion. The IUD disrupts the lining of the uterus and fallopian tubes and does not allow fertilization of an egg to occur. Having the device in the uterus increases the risk for vaginal infections, including developing bacterial vaginosis, according to the CDC.
