Propoxy, short for the synthetic opiate pain medication propoxyphene, is approved for the treatment of mild to moderate pain. Propoxyphene is available as a single-agent drug or in combination with acetaminophen. Both forms of propoxyphene can cause side effects, some of which may be serious.
Common Side Effects
The most common side effect to any opiate-type pain reliever is nausea, which may be accompanied by vomiting or loss of appetite. Constipation may also be a digestive side effect, particularly with long-term use. Propoxyphene also commonly causes depression to the central nervous system resulting in drowsiness, foggy thinking and potential dizziness, while others experience anxiety. Propoxyphene may cause a number of skin symptoms such as flushing, itching, tingling and sweating. Most common side effects seen with propoxyphene use will decrease in intensity after a period of continued use; however side effects that become more severe or bothersome may require attention from a physician.
Serious Side Effects
In rare cases, propoxyphene may contribute to changes in liver functioning that may be serious. Many serious side effects of propoxyphene may be related to a dose that is too high. Propoxyphene, like other opiate pain relievers, poses a risk of overdose, whether accidental or intentional. Serious effects of too much propoxyphene may include respiratory depression, indicated by slowed or shallow breathing. The cardiovascular system may also be affected, resulting in slowed heartbeat and a drop in blood pressure. These changes may also be accompanied by clammy, chilled skin, dizziness or fainting. Some patients have experienced severe confusion and seizures. Any symptoms of serious side effects of propoxyphene should be treated by a physician immediately.
Potential Dependence
All narcotic or opiate-type medication, including propoxyphene, has a risk for abuse and dependence, which may result in addiction to pain medication. The medication should only be taken as directed by a qualified physician, but many patients who are on long-term propoxyphene therapy may develop a physical dependence. If the medication is to be discontinued or changed, withdrawal symptoms such as flu-like state, diarrhea, vomiting, insomnia, anxiety and sweating may occur.
Contraindications
Some patients are allergic to opiate pain relievers and should not take propoxyphene. Symptoms of allergy include rash, itching, swelling of the mouth and difficulty breathing. Seek medical attention immediately if any symptoms of allergy occur. Because propoxyphene is a CNS depressant, take care when combining it with other depressants such as anti-anxiety drugs or muscle relaxants, and don't drink alcohol. Some patients may not be able to take propoxyphene due to liver or kidney disorders or digestive problems, and the prescribing physician should be made aware of all medical issues along with medications being taken.
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