Brackets
Orthodontic braces are made up of a handful of appliances that work together to straighten your teeth. A primary component of braces is the brackets. According to Orthodontics.org, brackets are made of tiny pieces of metal or ceramic. A glue-type substance bonds the brackets to the front of the teeth. This adhesive must be strong enough to stay put on the tooth, but soft enough to be removed easily without hurting your teeth. Metal bands are commonly place on the molars. Molar brackets contain tubes that may be used later in treatment to support additional appliances, such as headgear.
Arch Wire
Once the brackets are in firmly in place on the front of your teeth, a metal arch wire is threaded through each bracket.The arch wire has been bent in the shape of the perfect bite your orthodontist is aiming for. Once threaded, the arch wire will attempt to revert to its original, ideal position. The brackets allow the forces of the arch wire to be passed on to the teeth. This applies steady pressure that will slow move and straighten your teeth. The arch wire will need to be adjusted or replaced from time to time to ensure that continuous pressure is maintained.
Rubber Bands
Your orthodontist may incorporate miniature rubber brands (elastics) into your treatment plan to provide added pressure on your teeth and help the arch wires more effectively do their job. Orthodontic rubber bands are made of surgical latex. The brackets that sit on your teeth contain hooks that are designed for fastening the elastics. Elastics are attached from upper bracket hooks to lower bracket hooks. Rubber bands are usually taken out while eating and brushing.
Retainer
It takes an average of 2 years for your teeth to completely straighten. Once your orthodontist is satisfied with the positioning of your teeth, you will most likely wear a retainer to prevent them from drifting back to their old, familiar position. A retainer is usually made of hard plastic and is molded to sit over your straightened teeth. Your orthodontist may recommend that you wear your retainer for 2 years or longer.
