Brushing your teeth is an important part of both your oral hygiene as well as your overall health. Obviously one of the major elements involved is toothpaste. Toothpaste combines a series of active ingredients that work together to whiten and remove buildup from your teeth, as well as kill harmful bacteria in the mouth.
Abrasives
Abrasives such as hyrdated silica and baking soda are commonly used in toothpastes. Abrasives are needed to help loosen plaque and other unwanted substances on the teeth and remove the bacterial film that can build up over time on the surface of the teeth.
Fluoride
Fluorides, such as sodium fluoride, are also a commonly used ingredient in toothpastes. Fluorides are used to harden the teeth. This helps teeth become more resistant to the bacteria and tooth decay that can lead to cavities.
Lauryl Sulfates
Lauryl sulfates, such as sodium or ammonia lauryl sulfate, are also commonly found in toothpaste. Lauryl sulfates act as foaming agents that help break down plaque and bacteria on the teeth, which are then trapped in the foam and rinsed away.
Humectants
Humectants, such as propylene, glycol, sorbitol and glycerol, may also be used in toothpastes. Humectants aren't for the teeth, but draw moisture from the air and help retain moisture in the toothpaste to prevent it from drying out.
Flavoring
Flavoring is also an important ingredient in toothpastes. Flavorings mask the taste of the active ingredients and may include components such as saccharin, mint or cinnamon. According to the American Dental Association (ADA), flavorings do not contribute to tooth decay; to ensure this, no toothpaste with sugar as an ingredient is approved by the ADA.
Thickeners
Thickeners, such as synthetic cellulose or natural gum, provide the right consistency for easy application of the product to the toothbrush and mouth.
Antiseptics
Antiseptics such as triclosan or xylitol may also be found in toothpastes. Antiseptic ingredients help kill bacteria and prevent plaque formation on the surface of teeth.
