Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia that causes permanent memory loss. It eventually affects the sufferer physically and is considered to be a chronic, fatal illness. Medications can improve the quality of life and delay mental deterioration for patients with Alzheimer's. Practical guidance can help you to navigate your way through this emotional experience.
Medical Care
When a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is made, seek the best medicine for the patient's condition. Many patients try two or more medicines before finding the one that works best for them. Medication needs may change through the stages of the disease. If you are dissatisfied with the effects of currently approved drugs, consider enrolling in a clinical trial.
Stimulate the Mind
Playing games and having interesting conversations can stimulate the mind of the Alzheimer's patient. Talk about the past as well as the present. In later stages, however, this may only frustrate him. Attempt stimulation weekly and monitor the effect.
Encourage Productivity
People with Alzheimer's are like everyone else--they feel better when they can be productive. Consider what the person used to enjoy and find ways that she can contribute today. This may involve setting the table, petting the cat or folding clothes. Give genuine praise for accomplishments.
Avoid Talking Down to the Patient
Speak to the patient as you always have. The Alzheimer's Disease Education and Referral Center suggests that you not use baby talk but use simple words when needed and allow plenty of time for a response. Be upbeat in your conversation.
Reality Orientation
In early stages, provide reality orientation. This involves using the patient's name often and prominently displaying clocks and calendars. It may be helpful to have a chart of weekly activities posted. Give cues, such as, "It is so cold outside; we had better wear our coats," or "It's getting dark; I will be ready for bed soon." Do not quiz the patient unduly, repeatedly asking what day it is or what his name is.
In later stages, you may wish to change from reality orientation to joining the patient in what he is thinking that day. If he is happy thinking that he is 10 years old, it is all right to go along with that thinking instead of arguing with him.
Basics of a Safe Environment
Explore your home for safety risks, such as scatter rugs, knives, medicine, poisonous cleaners, toxic plants and tripping hazards. Be prepared for a fire and make electrical outlets safe. Turn down the water heater so that she cannot scald herself. Consider what you can do to prevent a fall down stairs.
Keep a Consistent Routine
Consistency is important with regard to eating, bathing and dressing. This gives the patient a feeling of safety and decreases confusion. Talk about what will happen next, unless the patient finds that upsetting.
Brightly Colored Tableware
A report by the Fisher Center for Alzheimer's Research Foundation indicates that patients eat better when using brightly colored cups, plates and eating utensils. Encourage fluids throughout the day and make mealtimes pleasant with food the patient can eat without assistance. Serve fruits, vegetables and other healthy items as well as the patient's favorite foods.
