Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively new acne treatment that combines lasers or LED lights with a light-activated cream. The cream makes the laser or LED lights more effective in treating the blocked pores and inflammation caused by acne.
History
PDT originally was developed by dermatologists as a way to treat skin cancer, but in the last decade, clinicians began using it to treat other skin conditions, including acne. The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) reports that PDT targets three of the chief causes of acne: blocked pores, too much oil and overgrowth of bacteria in the skin's oil-producing glands.
Function
During a PDT acne treatment, the dermatologist first applies a light-sensitive cream to the affected areas. Then, after the cream has been given enough time to absorb into the skin, the dermatologist uses either a laser or intense LED light on those areas. The PDT cream is activated by the light source, destroying bacteria, shrinking oil glands and reducing inflammation.
Effects
Several medical studies have shown improvements in acne lesions with at least one treatment, although in many cases more than one treatment will be necessary, according to the AAD. In one study, published in 2009 in the Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, patients underwent two treatments over two weeks and saw moderate to excellent improvement of their acne in the treated areas. Side effects included temporary reddening of the skin.
Considerations
PDT acne treatment often reduces or eliminates acne quickly after treatment, the AAD says. However, long-term effectiveness hasn't been proven, the AAD says, and PDT treatment might need to be combined with another treatment in order for the patient to see the desired results. In addition, PDT acne treatments are expensive, and insurance often doesn't cover them.
Expert Insight
PDT offers a promising new technique to treat acne, although because PDT is so new, it's not clear how long the effects might last. The AAD urges those considering PDT acne treatment to consult with a dermatologist to determine the best therapy or combination of therapies to treat their acne cases.
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