Chemotherapy, or "chemo," is an intense treatment in which chemicals are used to kill cancerous cells. Side effects may include loss of appetite, changes in taste or smell, nausea, mouth tenderness, bowel irregularities and fatigue. According to the American Cancer Society, a healthy diet can help support wellness and improve recovery for those undergoing chemotherapy treatment.
Protein
Protein provides the body with amino acids, which contribute to the building of lean muscle mass and aid in tissue repair. The American Cancer Society suggests, unless you've been otherwise instructed by your doctor, a balanced diet that includes quality protein sources, such as legumes, lean poultry, meat, milk and eggs. These foods also supply B vitamins, essential nutrients that must be obtained through diet. Choose lean protein sources such as beans, lentils, skinless white-meat chicken or turkey and low-fat milk most often, since saturated fats, such as those found in red meat and high-fat cheeses, raise the risk for cardiovascular and other diseases. Protein foods have a slow effect on blood sugar levels and can help sustain energy when lethargy or fatigue set in. Incorporate a variety of protein sources into your diet for best nutritional benefits. If your appetite is reduced, try smoothies made with milk, yogurt or protein powder plus fresh or frozen fruits of your liking.
Whole Grains
Whole grains provide the body with glucose, the body's main energy source, as well as a variety of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. According to research published in the Cancer Journal for Clinicians in 2006, two primary goals of dietary measures during chemotherapy are to prevent nutrient deficiency and reduce bowel irregularities. Whole grains are dense in nutrients as well as dietary fiber, which promotes digestive health and regularity. In addition, the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) suggests that whole grain foods may decrease negative side effects of chemotherapy, while simple sugars may increase inflammation. For best results, choose whole grain carbohydrates, such as 100 percent whole grain bread, oats, whole grain cereals, brown rice, wild rice, popcorn and other foods made from whole grains, over enriched breads and sugary snack foods most often.
Fruits and Vegetables
Fruits and vegetables are valuable sources of vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber and antioxidants. Since nutrient deficiency is a potential occurrence during chemotherapy, nutrient-dense foods such as colorful, fresh fruits and vegetables make for positive dietary choices. According to UMMC, fruits and vegetables, as part of a healthy, balanced diet, can help ease the negative side effects of chemotherapy treatment. Incorporate a variety of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables such as berries, cherries, apples, bananas, oranges, grapefruit, tomatoes, spinach, kale, broccoli, mustard greens and bell peppers for best results. Choose fruits and vegetables that please your palate if your appetite is reduced or if you experience nausea. Fruits smoothies and pure fruit or vegetable juices are a valuable option for those with difficulty consuming solid foods or for those with reduced appetite. If you find yourself struggling to consume appropriate amounts of healthful foods, be sure to talk with your doctor about the potential need for supplementation.
