Oxycodone is a narcotic pain reliever that is available by prescription only. It is approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of moderate to severe pain and classified as an opioid analgesic. It is normally administered around-the-clock. This medication works by blocking the receptors (molecule or nerve) in the brain that sense pain. This will lead to an altered perception and response to pain, and, in turn lead to a decrease in the intensity of pain felt. Abrupt discontinuation of this medication will lead to the manifestation of withdrawal symptoms.
Effects On the Eyes
Oxycodone will display withdrawal symptoms six hours after the last dose is administered. Mydriasis is the excessive dilation of the pupils and is usually seen after Oxycodone has been stopped. Lacrimation, or excessive tearing, may also occur in many individuals. The extent of withdrawal symptoms experienced is related to the tolerance and physical dependence that the person has developed.
Fatigue
Fatigue and weakness are common with the discontinuation of Oxycodone. This effect may be further increased with the insomnia that may also occur. Another effect that has been seen in many individuals is constant yawning. A runny nose, called rhinorrhea, has also been noted upon stopping the drug.
Effects on the Body
Withdrawal from Oxycodone can affect many parts of the body. One effect is excessive sweating which is called diaphoresis. Flu-like symptoms may also be present and include fever, chills and muscle and joint aches. Piloerection, or goosebumps, may be caused by the chills. Vomiting and diarrhea is not uncommon.
An increase in body temperature, called hyperthermia, may occur and cause warmth or flushing in the face. The skin will appear red, hot and dry, and the lips may swell.
Hyperventilation is an increase in the breathing rate that may also be seen. Both hyperthermia and hyperventilation are signs of severe withdrawal symptoms; be sure to seek medical help if they occur.
Severe withdrawal symptoms will be present if the drug is discontinued suddenly; those who take high doses and are physically dependent on the medication will be at higher risk. For this reason, the dose of Oxycodone should be decreased slowly over time. This will decrease the extent of withdrawal symptoms people will experience.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook 15th Edition"; Charles F. Lacy, RPh, PharmD, FCSHP, Lora L. Armstrong, RPh, PharmD, BCPS. et al; 2007
- "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach"; Joseph T. Dipiro, Robert L. Talbert, et al; 2008
- Drug Information Online: Oxycodone
