Male menopause describes the gradual decline in the production of the hormone, testosterone. Physicians use the term "andropause" to describe these age-related hormone changes in men. Testosterone deficiency, androgen deficiency of the aging male, and late-onset hypogonadism are additional terms used to label this phase in a man's life. Some of the symptoms of male menopause are a normal part of the aging process.
Causes
Testosterone levels gradually decline throughout adulthood. The staff of the Mayo Clinic reports that testosterone levels decrease about 1 percent each year after the age of 30. Though individual testosterone levels vary among men, by the age of 70, a man's personal level is decreased by 50 percent. Low testosterone levels can also be the result of untreated medical conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea. A thorough medical evaluation is highly recommended to differentiate a diagnosis.
Risk Factors
According to Andropause.com, there is initial evidence of a correlation between low testosterone levels and increased cardiovascular risks and osteoporosis. It is acknowledged that further clinical research is needed.
With advancing age and declining testosterone levels, men are at risk of loss of bone density or osteoporosis, Approximately one in eight men older than age 50 actually have osteoporosis. Low bone density increases the risk of frequent fractures, especially in the wrists, hips, spine and ribs. Early research points to an association between low testosterone levels and an increased risk of developing hardening of the arteries or atherosclerosis.
Symptoms
Some men are asymptomatic with low testosterone levels. Others may experience changes in sexual functions. A decrease in testosterone levels can lead to a decline in sexual desire and fertility, fewer spontaneous erections, and a shrinking of the testes. Changes in sleep patterns, such as insomnia, can occur. Low testosterone levels might be responsible for increased body fat, reduced muscle bulk and strength, and loss of bone density. Men can experience swollen or tender breasts, hair loss, hot flashes, and decreased energy levels. Andropause may manifest as well with a decrease in motivation or self-confidence, depression and difficulty concentrating and remembering.
