The meninges are the tissues surrounding the brain and the spinal cord. Meningitis, also called spinal meningitis or meningococcal disease, is an inflammation of the meninges and spinal fluid. This inflammation most often occurs due to a viral, bacterial or fungal infection that spread to the area. The symptoms for meningitis are the same for each type. Recognizing the symptoms of meningitis is important so medical treatment can begin immediately. This decreases the chance of complications and death from the condition, states Medline Plus. Symptoms of meningitis may occur quickly or may slowly increase over a couple of days.
Fever
A fever is the body's way to help fight an infection. Meningitis causes a high fever. The fever usually occurs quickly and does not resolve easily with medication.
Headache
A severe headache is a common symptom of meningitis. The headache may occur with nausea and vomiting, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Stiff Neck
In addition to the fever, a stiff neck may occur. The stiff neck is a classic symptom that may help individuals distinguish the difference between meningitis and a flu virus. The muscles in the neck feel tight, and pain may occur when attempting to turn the head.
Mental Confusion
Because meningitis affects the brain, confusion or other mental disorders such as difficulty concentrating may occur. Concentration and focus may become difficult for individuals suffering from meningitis. This may make the person slow to respond to the environment around them.
Sleepiness
An increased amount of sleepiness or difficulty in arousing an individual may occur during a meningitis infection.
Rash
In some cases of meningitis, a rash may appear on the skin. The rash may take on any number of appearances. Any rash in combination with a fever needs medical attention.
Sensitivity to Light
The eyes may become sensitive to light, especially harsh lights such as sunlight. Staying in a darkened room with dim lights feels the most comfortable for individuals with meningitis.
Seizures
As meningitis worsens, seizures may occur. Seizures cause uncontrollable muscular contractions, states Medline Plus.
Infant Symptoms
Infants with spinal meningitis may exhibit different symptoms than older children or adults. Since babies do not complain about headaches or stiff necks, they may cry inconsolably or appear irritable. A decrease in eating may also occur. Infants with a fontanel, or a soft spot, may have a bulge in the area instead of an indentation.
