Depression is a persistent sad emotional state. Feeling down or "blue" on occasion is not a sign of depression. Depression is a psychological condition, an illness that can interfere with daily life. Treatment and medication are used to help an individual cope with the symptoms. Identifying depression in an individual or oneself is possible by looking for the presence of the five common signs. PsychCentral points out that five symptoms must be present in order for the diagnosis of depression to be made.
Depressed Mood
Depressed mood is the key characteristic of depression. Individuals may report feeling sad for no discernible reason. The sadness is persistent, meaning it lasts more than just a few days. KidsHealth, a resource provided by the Nemours Foundation, points out that symptoms should occur on most days for at least two weeks to be considered to be symptoms of depression. This change in mood is often accompanied by crying, anxiety and a feeling of emptiness, states the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). An individual may take on new habits to cope with the sadness, including sleeping constantly or overeating.
Change in Interests
Depression is characterized by a change in interests. An individual with the illness may no longer enjoy activities that were once important. Getting the motivation to complete such activities is nearly impossible. Social activities are avoided and the individual seems withdrawn. Depression causes fatigue and limits the energy an individual has for completing daily tasks.
Feelings of Worthlessness
A lack of hope or despair is common among depressed individuals. The NIMH suggests depression can cause feelings of guilt, worthlessness and/or helplessness. The individual's overall attitude is extremely pessimistic (negative). Depression makes it difficult to see anything beyond the immediate state, thus perpetuating the pessimism.
Trouble Concentrating
An individual with depression can become preoccupied with many of the sad thoughts. This can lead to trouble concentrating. Along with this can come memory issues and trouble making decisions. This can contribute to irritability, anger and restless behavior. Insomnia from the depression can only add to the brain slowness.
Suicidal Thoughts
Persistent despair and hopelessness can lead a depressed individual to contemplate suicide. Attempting suicide or carrying out any acts of self harm are considered serious signs of depression. When an individual contemplates death, she is likely feeling as if there is no other way out of the sadness being experienced. It is hard to determine if this sign of depression is an early or late sign of the illness. Some individuals may experience suicidal thoughts at the onset of the illness.
