A UTI, or urinary tract infection, is a common infection that millions of adults and children get each year. They are more common in women then men. The urinary system is made up of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Your system is designed to keep your urine sterile and to protect you from infections. However, sometimes this system can develop problems. The first step in treating this condition is to understand the causes of UTI.
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
The National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse states that E. coli is a type of bacteria that is normally present in your colon. It is the most common bacteria that causes UTIs. For reasons not well understood, this bacteria can enter and infect the urethra. The urethra is a tube-like structure that provides a passageway for urine to be excreted. If E. coli gets into the opening of this area and multiplies, you may develop an infection called urethritis. If left untreated, the bacteria can spread to the bladder and cause cystitis or infect the kidneys, causing pyelonephritis.
Chlamydia and Mycoplasma
Chlamydia and Mycoplasma are other types of bacteria that can cause a UTI. They are usually transmitted through sexual contact. Women who use a diaphragm or have a partner that uses a spermicidal foam are at a higher risk. Bacteria can grow in either and then cause an infection.
Catheters
If you are living with a chronic illness that requires the use of a catheter or tube to urinate, you may be at a higher risk of a UTI. To reduce your risk, your catheter must be cleaned frequently so bacteria does not grow on the tube and enter your system.
Urinary System Problems
If you have a kidney stone, enlarged prostate or other condition that causes a blockage in your urinary system, a UTI may develop. In rare cases urinary tract abnormalities can be present at birth and require surgery to correct the problem. Women are more prone to a UTI than men because their urethra is shorter and closer to the anus than it is in men. This makes it easier for bacteria to enter a woman's system.
Immune System Diseases
If you have a condition that compromises your immune system such as cancer, AIDS or diabetes, you may be more prone to a UTI . These conditions make it harder for your system to fight infections.
