Up to 4.4 percent of American adults may have adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), states the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). ADHD is a mental illness marked by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Although disruptive in its most severe form, ADHD does respond well to treatment after a diagnosis and examination of symptoms is confirmed.
Inattentive Symptoms
One of the primary aspects of ADHD is lack of attention. ADHD sufferers often have trouble focusing or concentrating, experience consistent restlessness and have difficulty completing tasks. Regularly losing things or forgetting things is also a sign of ADHD.
Hyperactive Symptoms
Hyperactive behavior is also a key part of ADHD. An ADHD sufferer may have frequent mood swings, display a "hot temper," have difficulty coping with stress, become extremely impatient while waiting in lines or driving in traffic or have frequent outbursts that may be inappropriate or offensive. Adults with ADHD are often fidgety and easily bored. Their lives are considered to be fast-paced in an effort to maintain their interest. However, they often misjudge time and deadlines, making completing tasks much more difficult.
Impulsive Symptoms
ADHD sufferers can also be impulsive, lacking emotional stability. An ADHD patient may interrupt a conversation in an inappropriate manner or become easily annoyed and is often highly unpredictable.
Problems with Self-Esteem
Because the disorder compels ADHD patients to react inattentively, hyperactively and impulsively, they often feel they have little control over their behavior, although they understand the consequences. Because their behavior is disruptive to their lives, they often have low self-esteem because of feeling powerless over the disorder.
Medications
Although they are not required, prescription medications are available to treat ADHD. Stimulants, also known as psychostimulants, are used to boost and balance neurotransmitters. As a result, feelings of hyperactivity and inattentiveness subside, allowing patients to better control their behaviors. Psychostimulants are more commonly used to treat children with ADHD, but they are used to treat adults as well. The most common medications are methylphenidate (commercially known as Ritalin) and dexmethylphenidate (commercially known as Adderall). Side effects of these drugs are common, and it can take some time to find the right dosage. Communicate regularly with your doctor can help you find the best type and quantity of prescribed medication for ADHD.
Therapy and Lifestyle Changes
Therapy to treat ADHD is designed to provide structure and set clearly defined goals in a way that is manageable and less frustrating. At home, an ADHD sufferer should take steps to increase their organization and management of their responsibilities. Suggested tactics include: limiting distractions when working, getting adequate sleep, carrying a notebook to record reminders and to make to-do lists, and establishing daily routines.
