Double vision, also known as diplopia, is a symptom that can lead to blurry vision. Sometimes, double vision can stem from certain underlying medical conditions. These conditions typically aren't potentially life-threatening. Fortunately, the causes of double vision can be managed effectively.
Cataracts
Cataracts are a common cause of double vision. The National Eye Institute says cataracts refer to clouding of the eye lenses that typically occur with age. In fact, it says that 50 percent of people up to age 80 have a medical history of a cataract.
Specific symptoms of cataracts include double vision, blurry vision, night blindness and a glare in the visual field.
The lens is typically made up of protein and water, says the National Eye Institute. Over time, the protein in the lens can actually accumulate and lead to cataracts. Risk factors for developing cataracts involve being diabetic, smoking, using alcohol and being frequently exposed to ultraviolet light.
Cataract removal surgery is necessary to manage this condition.
Migraines
Migraines refer to a common type of headache that can lead to such symptoms as blurry vision, double vision, eye pain and tunnel vision. MedlinePlus says migraines can promote nausea, vomiting, fatigue, sweating, light or sound sensitivity, frequent urination and numbness or tingling. Migraines may also lead to neck pain, unclear thinking and difficulty concentrating.
Bright lights, perfumes, loud noises, stress, smoking and changes in hormonal levels are some causes of migraines.
Conservative measures such as resting, placing a cool compress over the head and drinking plenty of fluids can help decrease migraines. Medications such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antidepressants, blood pressure medications and seizure medications can also be used to treat migraines. Triptans, over-the-counter pain relievers and narcotics are other medication treatments for migraines.
Strabismus
Strabismus is another common cause of double vision. According to MedlinePlus, strabismus refers to a condition in which the eyes are misaligned. Specific symptoms of strabismus include double vision, crossed eyes, loss of vision and lack of eye coordination. Strabismus can also lead to visual loss in one eye.
In children, strabismus is typically associated with such medical conditions as cerebral palsy, retinoblastoma, trisomy 18 and congenital rubella. In adults, botulism toxin, a stroke, shellfish poisoning and a traumatic brain injury can lead to strabismus.
Treating strabismus involves strengthening the muscles of the eye with glasses and eye exercises. Sometimes, using an eye patch or surgery can help manage strabismus.
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