The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) says that the neck is composed of tiny bones called vertebrae that extend from the upper part of the body to the skull's base. Sometimes, the bones and tissues surrounding the neck can become injured. In other causes, a specific medical problem may lead to neck pain. Fortunately, the causes of persistent neck pain can be managed.
Whiplash
Whiplash refers to a traumatic type of injury that occurs when the neck rapidly moves forward and backward. This typically occurs in a car accident. Symptoms of whiplash include persistent neck pain or stiffness, dizziness and blurry vision. The Mayo Clinic also says that whiplash can cause headaches, trouble sleeping, irritability, memory problems and difficulty concentrating.
Physical abuse and playing such contact sports as football can also lead to whiplash.
Treatment for whiplash can involve taking pain relievers found at the local pharmacy. Sometimes, prescription painkillers, corticosteroid or lidocaine injections and muscle relaxant can reduce whiplash symptoms. Physical therapy can also help strengthen the tissues and physical therapists may incorporate ice, heat and ultrasound into the treatments.
Cervical Spondylosis
MedlinePlus says that cervical spondylosis is a condition in which the cartilage and bone in the neck begins to deteriorate. Symptoms of cervical spondylosis include persistent neck pain that can move to the shoulder or arms, neck stiffness and headaches. This medical problem also causes weakness and a loss of sensation in the arms, shoulders or legs. In some instances, cervical spondylosis can lead to a loss of balance and loss of control of the bowels or bladder.
MedlinePlus says that risk factors for developing cervical spondylosis include aging, having a history of a past neck injury, arthritis and spinal surgery.
Treatment involves taking such medicines as narcotics, muscle relaxants, cortisone injections or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Other treatment options involve taking amitriptyline or carbamezapine. Sometimes, physical therapy exercises may be helpful in increasing the neck's range of motion and strengthening the tissues.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
The AAOS says that rheumatoid arthritis can damage neck joints and lead to such symptoms as neck pain and stiffness. Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammation of the joints. Other rheumatoid arthritis symptoms include a loss of appetite, weakness, morning stiffness, muscle aches and fatigue, says MedlinePlus. Other symptoms include swollen glands, paleness, skin redness and numbness or tingling.
Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis involves taking medications such as methotrexate, physical therapy, exercising. In some cases, surgery is done to replace or repair the affected joints.
